
Malian males do not take part in domestic labor. While the women work hard all day cooking, cleaning, and pounding grain (usually with a baby on their back), their husbands sit around and drink tea or work in the fields when necessary. They like tea more than the British and make it espresso style: extra strong, out of a shot glass, with too much sugar. I decided to blur the gender roles and convinced a few of my friends to come over and learn how to make buru (bread) by enticing them with their much-loved tea and some beef stew I cooked up the day before. After the bread was in the oven and lunch was finished (with me graciously accepting the request to teach their wives how to cook) we dispersed to our respective places of rest for the midday siesta.
As the mercury began to dip below 100, my three-person class found their way back to school. The cinnamon rolls were still warm after baking to perfection in my charcoal-fired brick oven, and as such, promptly devoured. Roles then quickly reversed as the tea began to flow.
Flipping through pictures on my camera to make conversation I came across a photo of a strange place I had been meaning to ask about. The picture was taken a couple of months

After many questions and a few answers I could understand (strangely enough I find it easier to express myself than understand what others are saying contrary to most foreign language learners) the history became clear. The wavy ruins were constructed around 200 years ago. I did not believe this at first as my own mud-brick walls have already been rebuilt in a few places and are only a few years old. My former students, now my teachers, explained how the walls had once been wide enough to ride a horse on top of and were built to protect their ancestors from the (mostly) French slave-traders.
A vicious battle was fought at this once heavily fortified village some 150 years ago. The Toubobs (Frenchmen) came on horseback armed with rifles and chains seeking strong, healthy Africans. Apparently the ancestors of my friends (at least on this particular day) were a little bit too strong. They rushed behind the walls that protected their homes and aimed their rifles (which I am told didn’t work very well) at the men on horseback. Shooting commenced and soon after the French saw their hopes for a payday vanquished, retreated.
I was told the walled cities wor

The ruins of another similar village exist on the other side of town. Once there were three walled towns, the location of the third being where I live today. The now consolidated families can easily trace their origin to one of the three based on their last name. Although the walls have come down and peace now pervades, the past lives on within the rich oral history possessed by the Malian people.
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